Over the past decade, Türkiye has steadily expanded its influence in the Horn of Africa by combining diplomacy, economic investments, and military engagements, deepening its presence in the region. Situated at a critical point for global trade routes and believed to hold significant untapped energy resources, this region is becoming increasingly important in Türkiye's broader geopolitical strategy. As Türkiye strengthens its influence in key ports such as Mogadishu and Hobyo, it is positioning itself as a key player in East Africa, taking significant steps to secure strategic trade routes through the Bab el-Mandeb Strait and gain access to potentially valuable energy resources. As the region becomes a focal point for international competition, Türkiye's actions seem set to continue reshaping the geopolitical dynamics of the Horn of Africa.

With these goals in mind, Türkiye’s diplomatic efforts in the region have been integral to solidifying its role and navigating the complexities of East African politics.

Diplomatic Efforts and Regional Influence

Türkiye’s diplomatic foray into the Horn of Africa has been nothing short of ambitious. Since 2011, it has rapidly expanded its footprint, particularly in Somalia, where it established its largest embassy and became a major player in the country’s reconstruction efforts. President Erdoğan’s visit to Mogadishu in 2011 set the tone for a robust partnership, positioning Türkiye as a key ally in Somalia’s development and security scene.

The Horn of Africa holds immense geopolitical importance, sitting near the Bab el-Mandeb Strait—a crucial artery for global trade, with over 10% of international commerce passing through these waters. Securing influence over East African ports is vital for any nation aiming to strengthen its global reach, and Türkiye is no exception. However, the region’s underlying tensions, particularly the long-standing disputes between Ethiopia and Somalia, have put Türkiye’s diplomatic capabilities to the test.

You may read evaluation note from here.